Oregon Retirement Income Tax: A Guide for Seniors (2026)

Oregon never touches your Social Security, but it taxes nearly everything else at rates that climb to 9.9 percent.1 That is the honest picture: the Social Security break is real and valuable, but pensions, IRA withdrawals, and 401(k) distributions are taxed at Oregon's regular graduated rates, which are among the highest in the country. The one small break aimed at seniors, the Retirement Income Credit, ends after tax year 2025 and cannot be claimed for 2026 or later, and only some federal and military retirees with pre-1991 service keep a partial subtraction. The Oregon retirement income tax is friendly on Social Security and demanding on the rest.

This guide breaks down how Social Security, pensions, IRA and 401(k) income, military retirement, and the senior credit each work, and where Oregon's high rates land.

In This Guide

• Oregon Retirement Income Tax at a Glance
• Oregon Retirement Income Tax: How It Works
• Social Security
• Pensions, IRAs, and 401(k)s
• The Retirement Income Credit
• Putting It Together
• Frequently Asked Questions
• Next Steps

Oregon Retirement Income Tax at a Glance

Oregon's treatment of retirement income is a study in contrast. Social Security is fully out. Almost everything else is taxed at the regular graduated rates, with only a federal-pension subtraction to soften the edges now that the senior credit is ending. The table below lays out each source.

Oregon's income tax is steeply graduated, from 4.75 percent to 9.9 percent.1 Most retirement income other than Social Security is taxed under that schedule.

Oregon Retirement Income Tax: How It Works

Oregon does not offer a broad senior exemption for retirement income. The Oregon Department of Revenue fully exempts Social Security and Railroad Retirement benefits, then taxes other retirement income, including pensions, IRA withdrawals, and 401(k) distributions, at the state's regular graduated rates.1 Those rates run high, so the share of income Oregon taxes can be substantial for retirees with meaningful pension or account income.

The reliefs that soften this are narrow, and one is disappearing. Federal government pensions tied to service before October 1991 may be partly subtracted, which helps long-tenured federal and military retirees.1 A Retirement Income Credit was available to lower-income taxpayers 62 and older, but Oregon law ends it after tax year 2025, so it cannot be claimed for 2026 or later. Beyond these, Oregon treats retirement income much like wages, which is why an honest summary calls the state friendly on Social Security and demanding on the rest.

Social Security

Oregon does not tax Social Security or Railroad Retirement benefits.1 There is no income test and no phase-out, so a retiree with a large pension keeps the same full Social Security exemption as one living on benefits alone.

This is the single clearest break in the Oregon retirement income tax, and for retirees whose income is mostly Social Security it matters a great deal. But because Oregon offers no comparable exemption for pensions or account income, the benefit of this break narrows quickly as your other income rises.

Pensions, IRAs, and 401(k)s

Here is where Oregon's high rates bite. Pensions, IRA withdrawals, and 401(k) distributions are taxable at Oregon's regular graduated rates.1 There is no broad senior exemption and no flat per-person allowance for this income; it is taxed like other income, and the top rate reaches 9.9 percent.

The one structural exception is for federal government pensions: the portion attributable to service before October 1991 may be subtracted.1 That helps career federal employees who served into the early 1990s, but it does nothing for private pensions, IRAs, or 401(k)s, which is where most retirees' income sits. For those sources, plan on Oregon taxing the full amount under its graduated schedule.

Military retirement pay follows the same federal-pension rule. Oregon has no exemption written specifically for military pensions, so military retirement is taxed at the regular graduated rates, except that the portion tied to federal service before October 1991 may be subtracted the same way a civilian federal pension can.1 For anyone whose military service ran into the 1990s or later, plan on Oregon taxing the pension in full.

If you are weighing how much to draw from these accounts to cover care, retirement accounts for care walks through the tradeoffs.

The Retirement Income Credit

Oregon's Retirement Income Credit was a modest, income-tested credit for taxpayers 62 and older, but it is on its way out. Oregon law ends the credit after tax year 2025: it cannot be claimed for tax years beginning on or after January 1, 2026.1

Through tax year 2025, the credit reached taxpayers 62 and older with household income below $22,500 for single filers or $45,000 for joint filers and Social Security benefits under $7,500 (single) or $15,000 (joint).1 If you are filing a 2025 return, it may still apply. For 2026 and beyond it does not, so lower-income seniors lose the one senior-targeted break Oregon offered, and their pension and account income is taxed at the regular rates.

Putting It Together

The practical takeaway is that Oregon is one of the friendlier states for Social Security and one of the tougher states for everything else. There is no broad pension or account exemption, the rates are high, and with the low-income Retirement Income Credit ending after 2025, the only remaining relief for most retirees is, for some federal and military retirees, the pre-1991 subtraction.

Picture a single retiree, age 65, with $24,000 in Social Security and $50,000 drawn from a traditional IRA in 2026. The Social Security is exempt. The $50,000 IRA draw is fully taxable at Oregon's graduated rates, and because the Retirement Income Credit no longer applies for 2026, and this retiree's income would have exceeded its thresholds anyway, there is no senior credit to offset the tax. With portions of the $50,000 reaching into the higher brackets toward the 9.9 percent top rate, the Oregon tax on that income runs into the several thousands.1 The figures here are hypothetical and shown only to illustrate how Oregon taxes account income; they are not a real case, they ignore other deductions, and they are not a prediction of your own outcome.

This is general information rather than personalized tax advice, and whether the federal or military pre-1991 subtraction applies to you, or the Retirement Income Credit on a 2025 return, is exactly the kind of detail worth confirming with the Oregon Department of Revenue or a tax professional before you plan withdrawals. If retirement savings are part of how you will fund care, building a senior care funding plan is a useful next step.

Next Steps

If you are retired in Oregon, plan around a simple rule: Social Security is safe, and most other retirement income is not.

• Confirm the Social Security exemption applies; it carries no income limit.
• Expect full taxation of pensions, IRA, 401(k), and military retirement income at graduated rates up to 9.9 percent.1
• Note the Retirement Income Credit has ended. It was available through tax year 2025 only; if you are filing a 2025 return and are 62+ with low income, check whether it still applies.
• Federal and military retirees: confirm whether any pre-October-1991 service portion can be subtracted.

If you are mapping out how to pay for care, how to pay for senior care covers the main routes.

Learn More

Find personalized help making sense of the Oregon retirement income tax at brevy.com.

The information on Brevy.com is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional legal, financial, or medical advice. Rules vary by state and program and change frequently. Always verify with the relevant agency or a qualified professional. Brevy is not a law firm, financial advisor, or healthcare provider.